一 | 美伊局势持续搅动能源市场。 Washington, Oct 10 (UNI) More and more Indians are entering the United States from the Mexican border.
Since the beginning of the 2022 fiscal year that started last October, a record 16,290 Indian citizens have been taken into US custody at the Mexican border. The previous high of 8,997 was recorded in 2018, BBC reported.
Experts point to a number of reasons for the increase, including a climate of discrimination in India, an end to pandemic-era restrictions, a perception that the current US administration is welcoming to asylum seekers and the ramping-up of previously established smuggling networks.
While some migrants are coming to the US for economic reasons, many are fleeing persecution back home, said Deepak Ahluwalia, an immigration lawyer who has represented Indian nationals in Texas and California.
The latter group range from Muslims, Christians and "low-caste" Hindus to members of India's LGBT community who fear violence at the hands of extreme Hindu nationalists or supporters of the secessionist movement and farmers from the Punjab region, the BBC reported.
Conditions for many of these groups have deteriorated in recent years, international observers say.
Immigrants often see the US as "the ultimate gateway" to a better life, said Ahluwalia, the lawyer.
The enormous distances involved, however, make the trip to the US extremely challenging.
Traditionally, Indian migrants who arrive at the US-Mexican border use "door-to-door" smuggling services, with journeys arranged from India to South America.
They are often guided the entire way and travel in small groups with their fellow countrymen who speak the same language, rather than individually or with only family members.
These networks often begin with India-based "travel agents" which outsource parts of the journey to partner criminal groups in Latin America.
Jessica Bolter, an analyst at the Washington DC-based Migration Policy Institute, said that the number of Indian migrants is also rising as a result of a "ripple effect" that takes place when those who have used these services successfully recommend them to friends or family back in India.
"It naturally expands and draws more migrants," she said. "Of course, that doesn't happen without migrants wanting to leave originally."
Manpreet, a 20-year-old from Punjab who asked that only his first name be used, a vocal critic of India's ruling BJP, fled the country after being persecuted for his political beliefs, the BBC reported.
"From Ecuador I took a bus to Colombia, and from Colombia I took a bus to Panama," Manpreet recalled in an interview with the BBC from California. "From there, via a boat, I (went to) Nicaragua and Guatemala, and then Mexico and entered the US."
Even guided by seasoned smugglers, the trip to the border is often one that is fraught with dangers, including robberies and extortion at the hands of local gangs or corrupt authorities or extreme weather, injuries and illness.
These dangers were highlighted in 2019 when a six-year-old Indian girl from Punjab was found dead in the scorching desert near the border town of Lukeville, Arizona.
It was later reported that she died in temperatures of over 42 C (108 F) after her mother left her with a group of other Indians to go search for water.
UNI MR。
今日清晨，亚太盘初，国际油价集体跳水，WTI原油期货、布伦特原油期货价格均跌超1%。消息面上，伊朗总统佩泽希齐扬在最新的讲话中表示，伊朗应以理性方式，使国家摆脱“既非战争、也非和平”状态。
二 | 与此同时，针对美国总统特朗普此前宣布的“史无前例的经济战”，伊朗方面亮出了“石油出口反制牌”。
三 | 当地时间23日，伊朗最高国家安全委员会秘书雷扎伊表示，如果美国对伊朗继续发动经济战，则没有石油会通过霍尔木兹海峡乃至波斯湾地区出口。 国际油价下挫 北京时间8月24日清晨，国际油价下挫，截至7:15，WTI原油期货价格跌1.04%，报86.16美元/桶；布伦特原油期货价格跌1.06%，报91.68美元/桶。 据新华社援引伊朗伊斯兰共和国通讯社23日报道，伊朗总统佩泽希齐扬22日晚表示，伊朗应以理性方式，使国家摆脱“既非战争、也非和平”状态。 据报道，佩泽希齐扬在首都德黑兰出席“医生日”纪念活动时说，伊朗“不可能永远依靠战争走下去。
四 | 总有一天必须作出决定，使国家摆脱‘既非战争、也非和平’的状态”，在战争或“非战非和”状态下伊朗难以吸引投资。他还提及已故最高领袖哈梅内伊也曾明确表示伊朗必须摆脱“非战非和”状态。 佩泽希齐扬还说，此前伊朗与美国达成的谅解备忘录是在“尊严、智慧和国家利益”基础上能够达成的最佳方案。这份谅解备忘录中“找不到任何一项条款表明伊朗作出退让”，相关承诺均由对方承担。
五 | 伊朗可以在不退让的同时，通过落实谅解备忘录，既维护国家尊严又以理性方式解决问题。 他还表示，伊朗最高领袖穆杰塔巴制定国家政策，政府将按照相关政策继续推进有关工作。 另据伊朗塔斯尼姆通讯社23日报道，伊朗伊斯兰革命卫队发言人穆赫比当天表示，伊朗针对美国各种敌对行动均已制定应对方案，包括应对经济施压。 穆赫比在伊朗北部城市卡拉季举行的新闻发布会上说，美国日前宣布对伊朗发动“最严厉的经济战”，这一表态实际上表明美方在军事领域未能实现目标。他说，美国对伊朗实施经济制裁已有47年，当前有关“经济战”的表态意在对伊朗民众施加心理影响。
六 | 穆赫比表示，伊方已制定方案以应对“经济战”造成的不利影响，并将继续“在美国眼皮底下”同其他国家开展经济往来、绕过美国限制。他称，伊朗在经济领域“没有担忧”，有关措施的效果将在不久后显现。 由于与伊朗的谈判停滞，美国总统特朗普19日宣布对伊朗实施“毁灭性经济行动”。美国财政部长贝森特20日警告称，美国将对伊朗实施“史无前例的经济孤立”措施。伊朗外交部20日对此强烈谴责，称伊朗将利用“一切工具和能力”维护国家利益和伊朗人民的合法权利。
伊朗亮出“石油出口反制牌” 据央视新闻，对美国将发起经济战的声明，伊朗官方近期也进行了密集且强硬的表态。当地时间23日，伊朗最高国家安全委员会秘书雷扎伊表示，如果美国对伊朗继续发动经济战，则没有石油会通过霍尔木兹海峡乃至波斯湾地区出口。伊朗将把任何国家参与或支持美国对伊朗人民发动的经济战视为战争行为。
七 | 伊朗外长阿拉格齐在23日的表态中直言，伊朗从未害怕过美国制裁，他们所有的举动，无论是封锁还是军事行动，都失败了，这次的新伎俩也必将失败。 阿拉格齐还将特朗普的这次经济行动称作为“一部已经看过无数遍的重复电影”，而“我们知道如何应对”。 据央视新闻报道，伊朗舆论普遍认为，美国此时宣布对伊朗采取经济施压行动，以及贝森特所谓的“不需要再对伊朗实施大规模军事行动”的表态，均展现出美国因未能通过战争选项达成目标被迫“改弦更张”，试图在不同条件下继续推进其目标。 不过也有分析人士指出，虽然美国的制裁对伊朗而言并不陌生，但在战争阴影并未完全消除的情况下，如何在维持经济稳定和保持战略威慑中做出平衡，是伊朗需要考量的重要议题。 中国国际问题研究院助理研究员李子昕表示，美国对伊朗的经济战显然将进一步提升伊朗的通胀与食品供应压力。但鉴于伊朗拥有长期应对美国制裁的经验，且具备相对丰富的应对手段，美方经济施压未必能够迫使伊朗在政治层面作出退让，反而很有可能使得局面滑向多方受损的“多输”困局。（文章来源：券商中国）。
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